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Autism is a term that refers to a collection of neurologically based developmental disorders in which individuals have impairments in social interaction and communication skills, along with a tendency to have repetitive behaviors or interests. The severity of autism varies greatly, from individuals with little speech and poor daily living skills, to others who function well in most settings. Approximately 70 to75 percent of individuals with autism also have mental retardation. Some adults with autism live independently.

A variety of factors could be associated with some forms of autism, including infectious, metabolic, genetic, neurological and environmental factors. There has been a growing concern among parents that the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine can cause autism, but the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) believes that the current scientific evidence does not support the hypothesis that the MMR vaccine, or any combination of vaccines, causes the development of autism, including regressive forms of autism.

Although there is currently no known cure for autism, some aspects of the condition are treatable. People with autism can make progress if they receive appropriate, individual intervention. Preschool children who receive intensive, individualized, behavioral interventions show good progress. In addition, limited pharmacological interventions are available to treat symptoms associated with autism.